Peterhof and fountains. Saint-Petersburg. 4K walking tour.

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We’re going to visit one of the most famous summer residences of the Romanov dynasty called Peterhof. It was founded by Peter the Great at the very beginning of the 18th century on the coast of The Gulf of Finland as The Russian Versailles on the Baltic Sea and it is known all over the world for its palaces, parks, and fountains. A unique system of gravity-fed fountains – there are 150 of them altogether – is called “one of the engineering miracles of the world”. Peterhof was the official residence of the Russian royal family until the revolution of 1917.
The plan of Peterhof (Peter’s Court in German or in Dutch) was made by Peter himself. Prominent architects, sculptors, painters, gardeners, carvers, stone-masons, and fountain builders were invited by PI from all over Europe and Russia to put into life his idea of building Russian Versailles at the Sea.
During Peter’s reign the architects-in-charge of the construction of the palaces and laying out the parks were foreigners, they worked one by another one: a German Johann Friedrich Braunstein, a Frenchman Jean-Baptiste Le Blond, and an Italian Niccolo Michetti.
However, the unique water supplying system for the fountains was invented by a Russian engineer Vassily Tuvolkov.
In 1720 Peter himself inspected the springs located 70-100 meters above sea level on the Ropsha Heights, some 20 km south away from Peterhof. In order to bring water from the place which much higher than Peterhof. Under the supervision of Tuvolkov, a canal was dug out to carry the water from Ropsha springs to Peterhof under the force of gravity, supplying the necessary pressure for the fountains; a series of sluices were constructed to regulate the flow of water.
Peter was eager to have the fountains of Peterhof working for the festivities dedicated to the end of the Northern War in 1721. On 8 August 1721 Peter, accompanied by his wife Catherine, high officials, and foreign guests personally set off to Ropsha and sent the water on its way to the fountains of Peterhof.
The grand ceremony of the public opening of Peterhof fountains took place in August 1723. Peter arrived at Peterhof on 13 August, accompanied by foreign princes and a large retinue/ high guest to participate in the grand ceremony of opening fountains.

Today, #Peterhof is a state museum preserve. It is under the protection of UNESCO as a unique complex of parks, fountains, and palaces. It covers a territory of about 1 000 hectares. The complex includes:
20 palaces and museums;
7 parks both in the regular and picturesque styles (Lower Park, Upper Garden, Alexandria, English Park, Colonists’ Park, Meadow Park, and others);
150 #fountains.


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